ESP32 DW3000 UWB Module Achieving 500m Range

Overview

In this guide, we will be using the latest UWB DW3000 Module (Makerfabs MaUWB DW3000) based on ESP32 & STM32 for range testing. This module integrates the MCU and all RF circuits, antennas, power management, and clock circuits. This new UWB module fixes issues between many anchors and tags and can handle up to 8 anchors and 32 tags for creating a system that tracks multiple positions.

In this tutorial, we will learn how we can set up the anchor and tag and use the basic code to establish the communication between Anchor and Tag. The Anchor and Tag will show the distance and RSSI value from each other. According to the manufacturer, it is claimed that the communicating distance that can be achieved by this module is 500 meters. We will therefore do the ESP32 DW3000 UWB Module Range test.

Before moving to the main project part, go through the following posts about the usage of the UWB Module:

Bill of Materials

For this tutorial, we will need a pair of UWB Module which you can purchase from the following links.

S.N.	Components	Quantity	Purchase Links
1	MaUWB_DW3000 Module	1	Makerfabs
2	Type C USB Cable	1	Amazon \| AliExpress

MaUWB_DW3000 ESP32 + STM32 Board

Ultra-wideband (UWB) is a wireless communication protocol that uses radio waves for secure, reliable ranging and precision sensing, adding spatial context to wireless devices. However, UWB often faces signal interference problems when multiple anchors and tags are in use.

Makerfabs’ latest MaUWB module addresses this issue. It integrates an STM32 controller with default firmware, designed and adjusted for reliability in field applications, to manage the DW3000 multiplexing. This allows the ESP32 controller to easily receive UWB arranging results through simple AT commands.

The module combines an MCU, RF circuits, antennas, power management, and clock circuits in one unit. It’s quickly configurable and operable via AT commands. The module supports up to 8 anchors and 32 tags, enabling the creation of a multi-anchor, multi-tag positioning system.

Makerfabs MaUWB make it possible to use UWB tech with any controller easily, with simple AT commands, to create a multi-anchor multi-tag positioning system. You can purchase the product from Makerfabs Official site.

Features

Comply with IEEE802.15.4-2011 ultra-wideband standard;
Easy to integrate without additional RF design;
Support CH5 (6489.6MHZ) RF band;
Strong resistance to multi-path fading;
Two modes of data transmission rate of 850kbps and 6.8Mbps;
The maximum packet length is 1023 bytes, which meets the application requirements of high data volume exchange;
The system supports 8Anchor32 tags.
The module supports free configuration of refresh rate, up to 100Hz;
Module serial port communication baud rate 115200;
Module (Tag) deep hibernation working current as low as 35uA, working current 34mA;
Support AT command;
Board USB supply voltage range: 4.8~5.5V, 5.0V Typical
Board Battery supply voltage range: 3.4~4.2V, 3.7V Typical

Basic Demo and Test Code

In this example code we will configure ESP32 UWB DW3000 Board with Arduino IDE and install necessaries libraries. In this demo the ESP32 controller can get the UWB arranging result simple by AT commands.

We will use the basic example code to get the distance and signal strength value from Tag0 to Anchor0.

The Board has SSD1306 OLED Display embedded with ESP32 Board. Hence you need to install the Adafruit SSD1306 and Adafruit GFX libraries to the Arduino IDE.

Basic Tag Code

In this code, we will set the board to Tag0.

Use Type-C USB cable to connect the board and PC, and select the development board “ESP32 Dev Module” and the “COM port”.

Verify the code and upload.

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

109

110

111

112

113

114

115

116

117

118

119

120

121

122

123

124

125

126

127

128

129

130

131

132

133

134

135

136

137

138

139

140

141

142

143

144

145

146

147

148

149

150

151

152

153

154

155

156

157

158

159

160

161

162

163

164

165

166

167

168

169

170

171

172

173

174

175

176

177

178

179

180

181

182

183

184

185

186

187

188

189

190

191

192

193

194

195

196

197

198

199

200

201

202

203

204

205

206

207

208

209

210

211

212

213

214

215

216

217

218

// User config ------------------------------------------

#define UWB_INDEX 0

#define TAG

// #define ANCHOR

#define FREQ_850K

// #define FREQ_6800K

#define UWB_TAG_COUNT 32

// User config end ------------------------------------------

#include <Wire.h>

#include <Adafruit_GFX.h>

#include <Adafruit_SSD1306.h>

#include <Arduino.h>

#define SERIAL_LOG Serial

#define SERIAL_AT mySerial2

HardwareSerial SERIAL_AT(2);

#define RESET 32

#define IO_RXD2 18

#define IO_TXD2 19

#define I2C_SDA 4

#define I2C_SCL 5

Adafruit_SSD1306 display(128, 64, &Wire, -1);

void setup()

{

pinMode(RESET, OUTPUT);

digitalWrite(RESET, HIGH);

SERIAL_LOG.begin(115200);

SERIAL_LOG.print(F("Hello! ESP32-S3 AT command V1.0 Test"));

SERIAL_AT.begin(115200, SERIAL_8N1, IO_RXD2, IO_TXD2);

SERIAL_AT.println("AT");

Wire.begin(I2C_SDA, I2C_SCL);

delay(1000);

// SSD1306_SWITCHCAPVCC = generate display voltage from 3.3V internally

if (!display.begin(SSD1306_SWITCHCAPVCC, 0x3C))

{ // Address 0x3C for 128x32

SERIAL_LOG.println(F("SSD1306 allocation failed"));

for (;;)

; // Don't proceed, loop forever

}

display.clearDisplay();

logoshow();

sendData("AT?", 2000, 1);

sendData("AT+RESTORE", 5000, 1);

sendData(config_cmd(), 2000, 1);

sendData(cap_cmd(), 2000, 1);

sendData("AT+SETRPT=1", 2000, 1);

sendData("AT+SAVE", 2000, 1);

sendData("AT+RESTART", 2000, 1);

}

long int runtime = 0;

String response = "";

String rec_head = "AT+RANGE";

void loop()

{

// put your main code here, to run repeatedly:

while (SERIAL_LOG.available() > 0)

{

SERIAL_AT.write(SERIAL_LOG.read());

yield();

}

while (SERIAL_AT.available() > 0)

{

char c = SERIAL_AT.read();

if (c == '\r')

continue;

else if (c == '\n' || c == '\r')

{

SERIAL_LOG.println(response);

response = "";

}

else

response += c;

}

// SSD1306

void logoshow(void)

{

display.clearDisplay();

display.setTextSize(1); // Normal 1:1 pixel scale

display.setTextColor(SSD1306_WHITE); // Draw white text

display.setCursor(0, 0); // Start at top-left corner

display.println(F("MaUWB DW3000"));

display.setCursor(0, 20); // Start at top-left corner

// display.println(F("with STM32 AT Command"));

display.setTextSize(2);

String temp = "";

#ifdef TAG

temp = temp + "T" + UWB_INDEX;

#endif

#ifdef ANCHOR

temp = temp + "A" + UWB_INDEX;

#endif

#ifdef FREQ_850K

temp = temp + " 850k";

#endif

#ifdef FREQ_6800K

temp = temp + " 6.8M";

#endif

display.println(temp);

display.setCursor(0, 40);

temp = "Total: ";

temp = temp + UWB_TAG_COUNT;

display.println(temp);

display.display();

delay(2000);

}

String sendData(String command, const int timeout, boolean debug)

{

String response = "";

// command = command + "\r\n";

SERIAL_LOG.println(command);

SERIAL_AT.println(command); // send the read character to the SERIAL_LOG

long int time = millis();

while ((time + timeout) > millis())

{

while (SERIAL_AT.available())

{

// The esp has data so display its output to the serial window

char c = SERIAL_AT.read(); // read the next character.

response += c;

}

if (debug)

{

SERIAL_LOG.println(response);

}

return response;

}

String config_cmd()

{

String temp = "AT+SETCFG=";

// Set device id

temp = temp + UWB_INDEX;

// Set device role

#ifdef TAG

temp = temp + ",0";

#endif

#ifdef ANCHOR

temp = temp + ",1";

#endif

// Set frequence 850k or 6.8M

#ifdef FREQ_850K

temp = temp + ",0";

#endif

#ifdef FREQ_6800K

temp = temp + ",1";

#endif

// Set range filter

temp = temp + ",1";

return temp;

}

String cap_cmd()

{

String temp = "AT+SETCAP=";

// Set Tag capacity

temp = temp + UWB_TAG_COUNT;

// Time of a single time slot

#ifdef FREQ_850K

temp = temp + ",15";

#endif

#ifdef FREQ_6800K

temp = temp + ",10";

#endif

return temp;

}

Basic Anchor Code

In this code, we will set the board to Anchor0.

Use Type-C USB cable to connect the another board and PC, and select the development board “ESP32 Dev Module” and the “COM port“.

Verify the code and upload.

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

109

110

111

112

113

114

115

116

117

118

119

120

121

122

123

124

125

126

127

128

129

130

131

132

#include <Wire.h>

#include <Adafruit_GFX.h>

#include <Adafruit_SSD1306.h>

#include <Arduino.h>

#define SERIAL_LOG Serial

#define SERIAL_AT mySerial2

HardwareSerial SERIAL_AT(2);

#define RESET 32

#define IO_RXD2 18

#define IO_TXD2 19

#define I2C_SDA 4

#define I2C_SCL 5

Adafruit_SSD1306 display(128, 64, &Wire, -1);

void setup()

{

pinMode(RESET, OUTPUT);

digitalWrite(RESET, HIGH);

SERIAL_LOG.begin(115200);

SERIAL_LOG.print(F("Hello! ESP32-S3 AT command V1.0 Test"));

SERIAL_AT.begin(115200, SERIAL_8N1, IO_RXD2, IO_TXD2);

SERIAL_AT.println("AT");

Wire.begin(I2C_SDA, I2C_SCL);

delay(1000);

// SSD1306_SWITCHCAPVCC = generate display voltage from 3.3V internally

if (!display.begin(SSD1306_SWITCHCAPVCC, 0x3C))

{ // Address 0x3C for 128x32

SERIAL_LOG.println(F("SSD1306 allocation failed"));

for (;;)

; // Don't proceed, loop forever

}

display.clearDisplay();

logoshow();

sendData("AT?", 2000, 1);

sendData("AT+RESTORE", 5000, 1);

sendData("AT+SETCFG=0,1,0,1", 2000, 1);

sendData("AT+SETCAP=32,15", 2000, 1);

sendData("AT+SETRPT=1", 2000, 1);

sendData("AT+SAVE", 2000, 1);

sendData("AT+RESTART", 2000, 1);

}

long int runtime = 0;

String response = "";

String rec_head = "AT+RANGE";

void loop()

{

// put your main code here, to run repeatedly:

while (SERIAL_LOG.available() > 0)

{

SERIAL_AT.write(SERIAL_LOG.read());

yield();

}

while (SERIAL_AT.available() > 0)

{

char c = SERIAL_AT.read();

if (c == '\r')

continue;

else if (c == '\n' || c == '\r')

{

SERIAL_LOG.println(response);

response = "";

}

else

response += c;

}

// SSD1306

void logoshow(void)

{

display.clearDisplay();

display.setTextSize(1); // Normal 1:1 pixel scale

display.setTextColor(SSD1306_WHITE); // Draw white text

display.setCursor(0, 0); // Start at top-left corner

display.println(F("MaUWB DW3000"));

display.setCursor(0, 20); // Start at top-left corner

display.println(F("with STM32 AT Command"));

display.setTextSize(2);

display.setCursor(0, 40); // Start at top-left corner

display.println(F("A0"));

display.display();

delay(2000);

}

String sendData(String command, const int timeout, boolean debug)

{

String response = "";

// command = command + "\r\n";

SERIAL_LOG.println(command);

SERIAL_AT.println(command); // send the read character to the SERIAL_LOG

long int time = millis();

while ((time + timeout) > millis())

{

while (SERIAL_AT.available())

{

// The esp has data so display its output to the serial window

char c = SERIAL_AT.read(); // read the next character.

response += c;

}

if (debug)

{

SERIAL_LOG.println(response);

}

return response;

}

Results & Testing

After the code is uploaded to both these boards, the device is ready for testing.

The OLED on both the board will display some messages as shown in the image below.

Here one of the board is set as Anchor0 and other board as Tag0.

Now you can open the Serial Monitor on any of the COM Port. The Serial Monitor will show the distance and RSSI values.

In this image you can see the distance appears to be between 48 to 51 which is in centimeters. Similarly the RSSI value appears to be as -79 or -80.

ESP32 DW3000 UWB Module Range Testing

The above test code is written for reading the distance and RSSI from 8 tags. The distance and RSSI value is displayed on Serial Monitor.

The code need to be modified to only display the RSSI and Distance value of single anchor and a single tag. Apart from this modification, we also want to display the RSSI and Distance Value on OLED Screen. This is useful in case if you wanna do the outdoor range testing.

Modified Tag Code

Here is the modified Tag code that displays the distance and RSSI value on OLED Display.

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

109

110

111

112

113

114

115

116

117

118

119

120

121

122

123

124

125

126

127

128

129

130

131

132

133

134

135

136

137

138

139

140

141

142

143

144

145

146

147

148

149

150

151

152

153

154

155

156

157

158

159

160

161

162

163

164

165

166

167

168

169

170

171

172

173

174

175

176

177

178

179

180

181

182

183

184

185

186

187

188

189

190

191

192

193

194

195

196

197

198

199

200

201

202

203

204

205

206

207

208

209

// Include necessary libraries

#include <Wire.h>

#include <Adafruit_GFX.h>

#include <Adafruit_SSD1306.h>

#include <Arduino.h>

// Configuration settings

#define UWB_INDEX 0

#define TAG

// #define ANCHOR

#define FREQ_850K

// #define FREQ_6800K

#define UWB_TAG_COUNT 32

// Define serial connections

#define SERIAL_LOG Serial

#define SERIAL_AT mySerial2

HardwareSerial SERIAL_AT(2);

// Define pin assignments

#define RESET 32

#define IO_RXD2 18

#define IO_TXD2 19

#define I2C_SDA 4

#define I2C_SCL 5

Adafruit_SSD1306 display(128, 64, &Wire, -1);

// Initialize global variables

long int runtime = 0;

String response = "";

String rec_head = "AT+RANGE";

// Setup function runs once at startup

void setup()

{

pinMode(RESET, OUTPUT); // Set RESET pin as output

digitalWrite(RESET, HIGH); // Initialize RESET to high

// Initialize serial connections

SERIAL_LOG.begin(115200); // Start SERIAL_LOG at 115200 baud

SERIAL_AT.begin(115200, SERIAL_8N1, IO_RXD2, IO_TXD2); // Start SERIAL_AT

SERIAL_AT.println("AT"); // Send AT command to initiate communication

Wire.begin(I2C_SDA, I2C_SCL);

delay(1000);

// SSD1306_SWITCHCAPVCC = generate display voltage from 3.3V internally

if (!display.begin(SSD1306_SWITCHCAPVCC, 0x3C))

{ // Address 0x3C for 128x32

SERIAL_LOG.println(F("SSD1306 allocation failed"));

for (;;)

; // Don't proceed, loop forever

}

display.clearDisplay();

// Send initial configuration AT commands

sendData("AT?", 2000, 1);

sendData("AT+RESTORE", 5000, 1);

sendData(config_cmd(), 2000, 1);

sendData(cap_cmd(), 2000, 1);

sendData("AT+SETRPT=1", 2000, 1);

sendData("AT+SAVE", 2000, 1);

sendData("AT+RESTART", 2000, 1);

}

// Main loop function runs repeatedly after setup

void loop()

{

// Check for data from SERIAL_AT and process it

while (SERIAL_AT.available() > 0)

{

char c = SERIAL_AT.read(); // Read next character

if (c == '\r') continue; // Ignore carriage return

else if (c == '\n' || c == '\r')

{

processRangeResponse(response); // Process range response

response = ""; // Clear response string for next message

}

else

{

response += c; // Append character to response

}

// Function to process AT+RANGE responses

void processRangeResponse(String response)

{

if (response.startsWith("AT+RANGE"))

{

// Extract range value

int rangeStart = response.indexOf("range:(") + 7;

int rangeEnd = response.indexOf(',', rangeStart);

String rangeStr = response.substring(rangeStart, rangeEnd);

float range = rangeStr.toFloat(); // Convert the range string to a float

// Convert range from cm to m by dividing by 100

range /= 100.0;

// Extract RSSI value

int rssiStart = response.indexOf("rssi:(") + 6;

int rssiEnd = response.indexOf(',', rssiStart);

String rssi = response.substring(rssiStart, rssiEnd);

// Print the range and RSSI values to Serial Monitor

SERIAL_LOG.print("Range: ");

SERIAL_LOG.print(range); // This will print the range in meters

SERIAL_LOG.print("m, RSSI: ");

SERIAL_LOG.println(rssi);

// Update OLED display

display.clearDisplay();

display.setTextColor(WHITE);

display.setTextSize(1);

display.setCursor(0, 0);

display.print("Tag Device");

display.setCursor(0, 25);

display.print("Range:");

display.print(range); // This will display the range in meters

display.print("m");

display.setCursor(0, 40);

display.print("RSSI:");

display.print(rssi);

display.display();

}

// Function to send AT commands and return the response

String sendData(String command, const int timeout, boolean debug)

{

String response = ""; // Local variable to store the response

SERIAL_LOG.println(command); // Print command to Serial Monitor

SERIAL_AT.println(command); // Send command over serial

long int time = millis(); // Capture the current time

// Wait for a response or until timeout

while ((time + timeout) > millis())

{

while (SERIAL_AT.available())

{

char c = SERIAL_AT.read(); // Read next character

response += c; // Append character to response string

}

if (debug)

{

SERIAL_LOG.println(response); // Print response if debugging is enabled

}

return response; // Return the response

}

// Function to generate AT+SETCFG command

String config_cmd()

{

String temp = "AT+SETCFG=";

temp += UWB_INDEX; // Add device ID to the command

// Add device role to the command

#ifdef TAG

temp += ",0";

#endif

#ifdef ANCHOR

temp += ",1";

#endif

// Add frequency to the command

#ifdef FREQ_850K

temp += ",0";

#endif

#ifdef FREQ_6800K

temp += ",1";

#endif

temp += ",1"; // Add range filter setting

return temp; // Return the command

}

// Function to generate AT+SETCAP command

String cap_cmd()

{

String temp = "AT+SETCAP=";

temp += UWB_TAG_COUNT; // Add Tag capacity to the command

// Add time slot duration based on frequency

#ifdef FREQ_850K

temp += ",15";

#endif

#ifdef FREQ_6800K

temp += ",10";

#endif

return temp; // Return the command

}

Modified Anchor Code

Here is the modified anchor code that displays the distance and RSSI value on OLED Display.

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

109

110

111

112

113

114

115

116

117

118

119

120

121

122

123

124

125

126

127

128

129

130

131

132

133

134

135

136

137

138

139

140

141

142

143

144

145

146

147

148

149

150

151

152

153

154

155

156

157

158

159

160

161

162

163

#include <Wire.h>

#include <Adafruit_GFX.h>

#include <Adafruit_SSD1306.h>

#include <Arduino.h>

// Define serial connections

#define SERIAL_LOG Serial

#define SERIAL_AT mySerial2

HardwareSerial SERIAL_AT(2);

// Define pin assignments

#define RESET 32

#define IO_RXD2 18

#define IO_TXD2 19

#define I2C_SDA 4

#define I2C_SCL 5

Adafruit_SSD1306 display(128, 64, &Wire, -1);

// Initialize global variables

long int runtime = 0;

String response = "";

String rec_head = "AT+RANGE";

// Setup function runs once at startup

void setup()

{

pinMode(RESET, OUTPUT); // Set RESET pin as output

digitalWrite(RESET, HIGH); // Initialize RESET to high

// Initialize serial connections

SERIAL_LOG.begin(115200); // Start SERIAL_LOG at 115200 baud

SERIAL_AT.begin(115200, SERIAL_8N1, IO_RXD2, IO_TXD2); // Start SERIAL_AT

SERIAL_AT.println("AT"); // Send AT command to initiate communication

Wire.begin(I2C_SDA, I2C_SCL);

delay(1000);

// SSD1306_SWITCHCAPVCC = generate display voltage from 3.3V internally

if (!display.begin(SSD1306_SWITCHCAPVCC, 0x3C))

{ // Address 0x3C for 128x32

SERIAL_LOG.println(F("SSD1306 allocation failed"));

for (;;)

; // Don't proceed, loop forever

}

display.clearDisplay();

// Send initial configuration AT commands

sendData("AT?", 2000, 1);

sendData("AT+RESTORE", 5000, 1);

sendData("AT+SETCFG=0,1,0,1", 2000, 1);

sendData("AT+SETCAP=32,15", 2000, 1);

sendData("AT+SETRPT=1", 2000, 1);

sendData("AT+SAVE", 2000, 1);

sendData("AT+RESTART", 2000, 1);

}

// Main loop function runs repeatedly after setup

void loop()

{

// Check if there is data on SERIAL_LOG

while (SERIAL_LOG.available() > 0)

{

SERIAL_AT.write(SERIAL_LOG.read()); // Forward data to SERIAL_AT

yield(); // Yield to maintain UWB functionality (if applicable)

}

// Check if there is data from SERIAL_AT

while (SERIAL_AT.available() > 0)

{

char c = SERIAL_AT.read(); // Read next character

if (c == '\r') continue; // Ignore carriage return

else if (c == '\n' || c == '\r')

{

processRangeResponse(response); // Process range response

response = ""; // Clear response string for next message

}

else

{

response += c; // Append character to response

}

// Function to send AT commands

String sendData(String command, const int timeout, boolean debug)

{

String response = ""; // Local variable to store the response

// Print command to both Serial Monitors

SERIAL_LOG.println(command);

SERIAL_AT.println(command); // Send the command over the serial

long int time = millis(); // Capture the current time

// Wait for a response or until timeout

while ((time + timeout) > millis())

{

while (SERIAL_AT.available())

{

char c = SERIAL_AT.read(); // Read the next character

response += c; // Append character to response string

}

// If debugging is enabled, print the response

if (debug)

{

SERIAL_LOG.println(response);

}

return response; // Return the response

}

// Function to process AT+RANGE responses

void processRangeResponse(String response)

{

// Check if the response starts with AT+RANGE

if (response.startsWith("AT+RANGE"))

{

// Extract range value

int rangeStart = response.indexOf("range:(") + 7;

int rangeEnd = response.indexOf(',', rangeStart);

String rangeStr = response.substring(rangeStart, rangeEnd);

float range = rangeStr.toFloat(); // Convert the range string to a float

// Convert range from cm to m by dividing by 100

range /= 100.0;

// Extract RSSI value

int rssiStart = response.indexOf("rssi:(") + 6;

int rssiEnd = response.indexOf(',', rssiStart);

String rssi = response.substring(rssiStart, rssiEnd);

// Print the range and RSSI values to Serial Monitor

SERIAL_LOG.print("Range: ");

SERIAL_LOG.print(range); // This will print the range in meters

SERIAL_LOG.print("m, RSSI: ");

SERIAL_LOG.println(rssi);

// Update OLED display

display.clearDisplay();

display.setTextColor(WHITE);

display.setTextSize(1);

display.setCursor(0, 0);

display.print("Anchor Device");

display.setCursor(0, 25);

display.print("Range:");

display.print(range); // This will display the range in meters

display.print("m");

display.setCursor(0, 40);

display.print("RSSI:");

display.print(rssi);

display.display();

}

After uploading the code to both Anchor and Tag, the OLED will start displaying the Distance and RSSI value.

The Serial Monitor will also display the value of RSSI and Distance in case of both the Anchor and Tag.

According to the manufacturer the precision is 0.5M in the range 100 meters.

ESP32 DW3000 UWB Range Test

The manufacturer claimed that the UWB Module could achieve a point-to-point distance of 500 meters, so we decided to test this outdoors. To conduct the test in Canada, we needed to avoid rainy and snowy weather, so we tested the range in dry conditions at a temperature of nearly 0 degrees.

One of my friends, carrying the Tag device powered by a 3.7V Lithium-ion battery, walked away from me on a road, holding the device in his hand.

For accurate testing, it’s essential to have an open space with no obstacles between the anchor and the tag.

At a distance of 165 meters, the RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) recorded was -87.

As he moved further to 200 meters, the RSSI dropped to -90.

At 224 meters, the RSSI remained at -90.

Even at 280 meters, the RSSI was consistent at -90.

At 351 meters, there was no change in the RSSI.

However, once the distance exceeded 400 meters, the signal reception became sporadic, and the RSSI started to fluctuate significantly.

We continued to receive the signal up to a distance of 458 meters.

Finally, at 480 meters, the RSSI was recorded at -121.70, and we could barely receive the signal.

During the testing, we observed that the UWB Antenna is not omnidirectional but rather a directional antenna with a 4.16dBi value. Therefore, it’s important to align the antenna of the anchor to face the antenna of the Tag for optimal results.

It was also observed that obstacles such as trees and electric poles affect the signal. The testing conditions in urban areas and open spaces, like farms, yield different maximum ranges. In agricultural farms or open spaces, the range achieved could exceed 600 meters. Additionally, it is advisable to place the DW3000 UWB Tag and Anchor at a height of more than 4-5 feet for better range.