IoT Based PM & Air Quality Monitoring System using ESP32

Overview

In this project, we will make an IoT Based PM and Air Quality Monitoring System using ESP32, PMS7003, BME680, and OLED Display. This device will measure dust particles in the air, such as PM1.0, PM2.5, and PM10.

The BME680 sensor will measure temperature, humidity, IAQ, CO2 equivalent, and VOC equivalent. These values help us understand the overall air quality around us and detect poor ventilation, dust, smoke, or harmful gases.

All readings will be shown on the OLED display and also on a web dashboard using the ESP32 Wi-Fi. The ESP32 creates a local webserver and hosts a modern web dashboard. The dashboard displays all sensor readings in a clean and professional interface. It includes separate sections for live dashboard readings, PM readings, environment data, history logging, and alerts. The dashboard can also show graphs, log sensor data, export readings, and generate alerts when pollution or air quality values go beyond selected limits.

Components Required

Following are the components required for making this project. The components Purchased links are given as well.

S.N.	Components Name	Quantity	Purchase Link
1	ESP32 Board	1	Amazon \| AliExpress
2	PMS7003 PM Sensor	1	Amazon \| AliExpress
3	BME680 Sensor	1	Amazon \| AliExpress
4	OLED Display 0.96"	1	Amazon \| AliExpress
5	10uF Electrolytic Capacitor	2	Amazon \| AliExpress
6	0.1uF Ceramic Capacitor	4	Amazon \| AliExpress
7	Jumper Wires	4	Amazon \| AliExpress

PMS7003 Particulate Matter Sensor

The PMS7003 is a digital particulate matter sensor used to measure dust particles present in the air. It is commonly used in air quality monitoring systems to detect fine particles such as PM1.0, PM2.5, and PM10.

This sensor works on the principle of laser scattering. A small fan pulls air into the sensor, and a laser detects the particles passing through the air chamber. Based on the detected particles, the sensor calculates the particle concentration and sends the data through UART serial communication.

In this project, the PMS7003 is used with the ESP32 to measure real-time particulate matter levels. The readings help us understand the amount of dust, smoke, and pollution particles present in the surrounding air. Earlier we used PMS5003 with Arduino, which you can take as a reference for studying.

PMS7003 Specifications

Sensor Type: Laser Particulate Matter Sensor
Measured Particles: PM1.0, PM2.5, and PM10
Output Unit: µg/m³
Communication Interface: UART Serial
Baud Rate: 9600 bps
Operating Voltage: 5V DC
Working Current: Around 100 mA
Measuring Range: 0 to 500 µg/m³
Particle Detection Size: 0.3 µm and above
Response Time: Less than 10 seconds
Operating Temperature: -10°C to 60°C
Operating Humidity: 0% to 99% RH
Application: Air quality monitoring, dust detection, and pollution monitoring

BME680 Environmental Sensor

The BME680 is an environmental sensor that can measure temperature, humidity, pressure, and gas resistance. It is commonly used in air quality monitoring projects because it can help detect changes in the surrounding environment.

This sensor includes a gas sensor that can detect the presence of different volatile organic compounds, also known as VOCs. With the help of the BSEC library, the BME680 can calculate useful values such as IAQ, CO2 equivalent, and VOC equivalent.

In this project, the BME680 is connected to the ESP32 using the I2C communication protocol. It helps us monitor indoor air quality, room temperature, humidity level, and gas-based air pollution in real time. You can refer to BME680 ESP8266 tutorial for more better understanding.

BME680 Specifications

Sensor Type: Environmental and Gas Sensor
Measured Parameters: Temperature, Humidity, Pressure, and Gas Resistance
Calculated Values: IAQ, CO2 Equivalent, and VOC Equivalent
Communication Interface: I2C and SPI
I2C Address: 0x76 or 0x77
Operating Voltage: 3.3V DC
Temperature Range: -40°C to 85°C
Humidity Range: 0% to 100% RH
Pressure Range: 300 hPa to 1100 hPa
Gas Sensor: VOC gas detection
Low Power Consumption: Suitable for IoT devices
Application: Air quality monitoring, weather monitoring, indoor environment monitoring, and IoT projects

Circuit: IoT Based PM & Air Quality Monitoring System using ESP32

Here is the circuit diagram for IoT ESP32 based air quality monitoring system. The ESP32 is the main controller of the system. It reads air quality data from the PMS7003 sensor and reads environmental data from the BME280 sensor. The OLED display is used to show the sensor readings locally.

The OLED display and BME280 sensor both use the I2C communication pins of the ESP32. Their SCL pins are connected to ESP32 GPIO22, and their SDA pins are connected to ESP32 GPIO21. Both modules are powered using 3.3V and connected to common GND.

The PMS7003 sensor is connected to the ESP32 using UART serial communication. The TX pin of PMS7003 is connected to the RX pin of ESP32, and the RX pin of PMS7003 is connected to the TX pin of ESP32. The PMS7003 is powered from +5V and GND.

Capacitors are also added near the power supply lines for stable operation. These capacitors improve the stability of the OLED display, BME280 sensor, PMS7003 sensor, and ESP32 board.

PCB Designing & Gerber Files

The schematic of the ESP32 Air Quality & Particulate Matter monitoring system was created in EasyEDA, and from there it was converted into a compact PCB layout.

The board is designed with mostly through-hole components to make easier assembly. You can view the 2D view of the PCB.

All of the critical components, including the ESP32 module, are placed on the front side of the PCB, which makes assembly easier and more reliable.

Here are the link of files that you can download for PCB manufacturing and PCB assembly services.

Download: Schematic PDF
Download: Gerber File

PCB Ordering Online & Assembly

The Gerber file for this ESP32, PMS7003, BME680 Air Quality Monitor is provided above. You can download the Gerber file and place an order with a PCB manufacturer like AIVON for as low as $1 for a PCB Prototype.

To order the PCB, visit the AIVON Official Website and upload the Gerber file using the Quote Now option. You can then choose your required parameters, such as Material Type, Dimensions, Quantity, Thickness, and Solder Mask Color.

AIVON is making PCB prototyping and assembly more affordable for new users by offering $1 PCB Prototype and $35 PCB Assembly with Shipping fee $30 OFF on your first PCB order. With this promotion, you can enjoy free shipping on your first order and affordable assembly service for your project.

Here is the promotion link: AIVON PCB/PCBA Promotion Offer

Once all the details are filled in, select your country and shipping method. After confirming everything, you can place the order and wait for your boards to arrive.

Assembly of the IoT Air Quality ESP32 Board

After I ordered the custom PCB, I received it within just 3 days. The PCB quality was very good, and it looked clean and professional. It is a double-sided PCB, which makes the circuit compact and neat.

Then I started soldering and assembling all the components on the board. For the ESP32 board, OLED display, and BME680 sensor, I used female header pins. This makes it easy to remove or replace the modules later if needed.

I also soldered the required capacitors on different parts of the PCB. These capacitors help to keep the power supply stable and reduce noise in the circuit. For the PMS7003 sensor, I used 4 jumper wires instead of directly soldering it on the PCB.

The PMS7003 needs proper air flow for accurate particle detection, so it should be placed in a suitable position. Using jumper wires makes it easier to adjust the position of the PMS7003 module.

After soldering all the parts, I connected the sensor and completed the final assembly of the IoT ESP32 air quality monitoring device.

Source Code/program

Let us take a look at the programming part of this project.

The code starts by including the required libraries for the project. The WiFi and WebServer libraries are used to connect the ESP32 to a Wi-Fi network and create a local web dashboard. The BSEC library is used with the BME680 sensor to get final air quality values such as IAQ, CO2 equivalent, and VOC equivalent. The Adafruit GFX and Adafruit SSD1306 libraries are used to control the OLED display.

In the Wi-Fi section, the SSID and password are added so the ESP32 can connect to the local network. After the connection is successful, the ESP32 prints its IP address on the Serial Monitor and also shows it on the OLED display. This IP address can be opened in a browser to view the live air quality dashboard.

The main loop continuously reads data from the PMS7003 and BME680 sensors. The PMS7003 provides PM1.0, PM2.5, and PM10 values, while the BME680 provides temperature, humidity, IAQ, CO2, and VOC data. These readings are displayed on the OLED screen, printed on the Serial Monitor, and sent to the web dashboard as JSON data through the /api/readings route.

The code is divided into two sections one with the main .ino code and other with the webpage header file.

Main ino code

Copy the following code and paste it to your Arduino IDE editor window.

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#include <Arduino.h>

#include <Wire.h>

#include <WiFi.h>

#include <WebServer.h>

#include "bsec.h"

#include <Adafruit_GFX.h>

#include <Adafruit_SSD1306.h>

#include "webpage.h"

// -------- WiFi --------

const char* ssid = "*****************";

const char* password = "*****************";

// -------- Webserver --------

WebServer server(80);

// -------- OLED --------

#define SCREEN_WIDTH 128

#define SCREEN_HEIGHT 64

#define OLED_RESET -1

#define OLED_ADDR 0x3C

Adafruit_SSD1306 display(SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, &Wire, OLED_RESET);

// -------- PMS7003 --------

#define PMS_RX 16

#define PMS_TX 17

HardwareSerial pmsSerial(2);

// -------- BME680 I2C --------

#define I2C_SDA 21

#define I2C_SCL 22

#ifndef LED_BUILTIN

#define LED_BUILTIN 2

#endif

Bsec iaqSensor;

struct PMS7003Data {

uint16_t pm1_0_atm;

uint16_t pm2_5_atm;

uint16_t pm10_atm;

};

PMS7003Data pmsData;

uint16_t pm1_0 = 0;

uint16_t pm2_5 = 0;

uint16_t pm10 = 0;

float temperatureC = 0;

float humidityRH = 0;

float iaqValue = 0;

float co2Equivalent = 0;

float vocEquivalent = 0;

uint8_t iaqAccuracy = 0;

unsigned long lastSerialPrintTime = 0;

unsigned long lastDisplayUpdateTime = 0;

const unsigned long serialPrintInterval = 3000;

const unsigned long displayUpdateInterval = 500;

const unsigned long pageSwitchInterval = 5000;

bool readPMS7003(PMS7003Data &data);

void checkIaqSensorStatus();

void errLeds();

String getAccuracyText(uint8_t accuracy);

String getAirQualityStatus(float iaq);

String getJsonReadings();

void updateOLED();

void showPage1();

void showPage2();

void handleRoot() {

server.send_P(200, "text/html", INDEX_HTML);

}

void handleReadings() {

server.sendHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*");

server.send(200, "application/json", getJsonReadings());

}

void handleNotFound() {

server.send(404, "text/plain", "404 Not Found");

}

void setup() {

Serial.begin(115200);

delay(1000);

Serial.println("\nESP32 PMS7003 + BME680 + OLED + Webserver");

Wire.begin(I2C_SDA, I2C_SCL);

if (!display.begin(SSD1306_SWITCHCAPVCC, OLED_ADDR)) {

Serial.println("OLED not found.");

} else {

display.clearDisplay();

display.setTextColor(SSD1306_WHITE);

display.setTextSize(1);

display.setCursor(0, 0);

display.println("Air Quality");

display.println("Starting...");

display.display();

}

pmsSerial.begin(9600, SERIAL_8N1, PMS_RX, PMS_TX);

// BME680 address 0x77

iaqSensor.begin(BME68X_I2C_ADDR_HIGH, Wire);

checkIaqSensorStatus();

bsec_virtual_sensor_t sensorList[5] = {

BSEC_OUTPUT_IAQ,

BSEC_OUTPUT_CO2_EQUIVALENT,

BSEC_OUTPUT_BREATH_VOC_EQUIVALENT,

BSEC_OUTPUT_SENSOR_HEAT_COMPENSATED_TEMPERATURE,

BSEC_OUTPUT_SENSOR_HEAT_COMPENSATED_HUMIDITY

};

iaqSensor.updateSubscription(sensorList, 5, BSEC_SAMPLE_RATE_LP);

checkIaqSensorStatus();

display.clearDisplay();

display.setCursor(0, 0);

display.println("Connecting WiFi");

display.display();

WiFi.mode(WIFI_STA);

WiFi.begin(ssid, password);

Serial.print("Connecting to WiFi");

while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {

delay(500);

Serial.print(".");

}

Serial.println();

Serial.print("Dashboard IP: ");

Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());

display.clearDisplay();

display.setCursor(0, 0);

display.println("WiFi Connected");

display.println(WiFi.localIP());

display.display();

delay(1500);

server.on("/", HTTP_GET, handleRoot);

server.on("/api/readings", HTTP_GET, handleReadings);

server.onNotFound(handleNotFound);

server.begin();

Serial.println("Webserver started.");

}

void loop() {

server.handleClient();

if (readPMS7003(pmsData)) {

pm1_0 = pmsData.pm1_0_atm;

pm2_5 = pmsData.pm2_5_atm;

pm10 = pmsData.pm10_atm;

}

if (iaqSensor.run()) {

temperatureC = iaqSensor.temperature;

humidityRH = iaqSensor.humidity;

iaqValue = iaqSensor.iaq;

co2Equivalent = iaqSensor.co2Equivalent;

vocEquivalent = iaqSensor.breathVocEquivalent;

iaqAccuracy = iaqSensor.iaqAccuracy;

} else {

checkIaqSensorStatus();

}

if (millis() - lastDisplayUpdateTime >= displayUpdateInterval) {

lastDisplayUpdateTime = millis();

updateOLED();

}

if (millis() - lastSerialPrintTime >= serialPrintInterval) {

lastSerialPrintTime = millis();

Serial.println("================================");

Serial.print("PM1.0: "); Serial.print(pm1_0); Serial.println(" ug/m3");

Serial.print("PM2.5: "); Serial.print(pm2_5); Serial.println(" ug/m3");

Serial.print("PM10 : "); Serial.print(pm10); Serial.println(" ug/m3");

Serial.print("Temp : "); Serial.print(temperatureC, 2); Serial.println(" C");

Serial.print("Hum : "); Serial.print(humidityRH, 2); Serial.println(" %");

Serial.print("IAQ : "); Serial.print(iaqValue, 2);

Serial.print(" | Accuracy: "); Serial.print(iaqAccuracy);

Serial.print(" - "); Serial.println(getAccuracyText(iaqAccuracy));

Serial.print("CO2 : "); Serial.print(co2Equivalent, 2); Serial.println(" ppm");

Serial.print("VOC : "); Serial.print(vocEquivalent, 2); Serial.println(" ppm");

Serial.print("Web : http://"); Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());

Serial.println("================================\n");

}

String getJsonReadings() {

String json = "{";

json += "\"pm1\":" + String(pm1_0) + ",";

json += "\"pm25\":" + String(pm2_5) + ",";

json += "\"pm10\":" + String(pm10) + ",";

json += "\"temperature\":" + String(temperatureC, 2) + ",";

json += "\"humidity\":" + String(humidityRH, 2) + ",";

json += "\"iaq\":" + String(iaqValue, 2) + ",";

json += "\"iaqAccuracy\":" + String(iaqAccuracy) + ",";

json += "\"iaqAccuracyText\":\"" + getAccuracyText(iaqAccuracy) + "\",";

json += "\"co2\":" + String(co2Equivalent, 2) + ",";

json += "\"voc\":" + String(vocEquivalent, 2) + ",";

json += "\"status\":\"" + getAirQualityStatus(iaqValue) + "\",";

json += "\"calibrating\":" + String(iaqAccuracy == 0 ? "true" : "false") + ",";

json += "\"ip\":\"" + WiFi.localIP().toString() + "\",";

json += "\"uptime\":" + String(millis() / 1000);

json += "}";

return json;

}

void updateOLED() {

if (((millis() / pageSwitchInterval) % 2) == 0) showPage1();

else showPage2();

}

void showPage1() {

display.clearDisplay();

display.setTextColor(SSD1306_WHITE);

display.setTextSize(1);

display.setCursor(0, 0);

display.print("PM1.0 : ");

display.setTextSize(2);

display.print(pm1_0);

display.setTextSize(1);

display.println(" ug");

display.setCursor(0, 22);

display.print("PM2.5 : ");

display.setTextSize(2);

display.print(pm2_5);

display.setTextSize(1);

display.println(" ug");

display.setCursor(0, 44);

display.print("PM10 : ");

display.setTextSize(2);

display.print(pm10);

display.setTextSize(1);

display.print(" ug");

display.display();

}

void showPage2() {

display.clearDisplay();

display.setTextColor(SSD1306_WHITE);

display.setTextSize(1);

if (iaqAccuracy == 0) {

display.setCursor(82, 0);

display.print("CAL...");

}

display.setCursor(0, 0);

display.print("Temp: ");

display.print(temperatureC, 1);

display.print(" C");

display.setCursor(0, 13);

display.print("Hum : ");

display.print(humidityRH, 1);

display.print(" %");

display.setCursor(0, 26);

display.print("IAQ : ");

display.print(iaqValue, 1);

display.setCursor(0, 39);

display.print("CO2 : ");

display.print(co2Equivalent, 0);

display.print(" ppm");

display.setCursor(0, 52);

display.print("VOC : ");

display.print(vocEquivalent, 2);

display.print(" ppm");

display.display();

}

bool readPMS7003(PMS7003Data &data) {

if (pmsSerial.available() < 32) return false;

while (pmsSerial.available() >= 32) {

if (pmsSerial.read() == 0x42) {

if (pmsSerial.peek() == 0x4D) break;

}

if (pmsSerial.available() < 31) return false;

uint8_t buffer[32];

buffer[0] = 0x42;

buffer[1] = pmsSerial.read();

for (int i = 2; i < 32; i++) {

buffer[i] = pmsSerial.read();

}

if (buffer[0] != 0x42 || buffer[1] != 0x4D) return false;

uint16_t frameLength = (buffer[2] << 8) | buffer[3];

if (frameLength != 28) return false;

uint16_t sum = 0;

for (int i = 0; i < 30; i++) {

sum += buffer[i];

}

uint16_t checksum = (buffer[30] << 8) | buffer[31];

if (sum != checksum) return false;

data.pm1_0_atm = (buffer[10] << 8) | buffer[11];

data.pm2_5_atm = (buffer[12] << 8) | buffer[13];

data.pm10_atm = (buffer[14] << 8) | buffer[15];

return true;

}

String getAccuracyText(uint8_t accuracy) {

if (accuracy == 0) return "Calibrating";

if (accuracy == 1) return "Low";

if (accuracy == 2) return "Medium";

if (accuracy == 3) return "High";

return "Unknown";

}

String getAirQualityStatus(float iaq) {

if (iaq <= 50) return "Good";

if (iaq <= 100) return "Moderate";

if (iaq <= 150) return "Poor";

if (iaq <= 200) return "Unhealthy";

if (iaq <= 300) return "Very Unhealthy";

return "Hazardous";

}

void checkIaqSensorStatus() {

if (iaqSensor.bsecStatus != BSEC_OK) {

if (iaqSensor.bsecStatus < BSEC_OK) {

Serial.print("BSEC error code: ");

Serial.println(iaqSensor.bsecStatus);

while (1) errLeds();

} else {

Serial.print("BSEC warning code: ");

Serial.println(iaqSensor.bsecStatus);

}

if (iaqSensor.bme68xStatus != BME68X_OK) {

if (iaqSensor.bme68xStatus < BME68X_OK) {

Serial.print("BME68X error code: ");

Serial.println(iaqSensor.bme68xStatus);

while (1) errLeds();

} else {

Serial.print("BME68X warning code: ");

Serial.println(iaqSensor.bme68xStatus);

}

void errLeds() {

pinMode(LED_BUILTIN, OUTPUT);

digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, HIGH);

delay(100);

digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, LOW);

delay(100);

}

From the following lines, change the WiFi SSID and Password.

// -------- WiFi --------

const char* ssid = "*****************";

const char* password = "*****************";

After replacing the WiFi SSID and password, you are good to go.

webpage.h file

Here is the header file for the project. You need to create another tab on Arduino IDE editor window and paste the following code that consist of webpage files.

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#ifndef WEBPAGE_H

#define WEBPAGE_H

const char INDEX_HTML[] PROGMEM = R"rawliteral(

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<title>AeroSense IoT</title>

<style>

:root{

--dark:#0f172a;

--dark2:#111827;

--text:#172033;

--muted:#667085;

--line:#e5e7eb;

--blue:#2563eb;

--cyan:#06b6d4;

--green:#16a34a;

--orange:#f97316;

--red:#ef4444;

--purple:#7c3aed;

--yellow:#eab308;

--shadow:0 18px 45px rgba(15,23,42,.10);

--radius:24px;

}

box-sizing:border-box;

}

body{

margin:0;

font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;

color:var(--text);

background:

radial-gradient(circle at top left,rgba(6,182,212,.18),transparent 30%),

radial-gradient(circle at top right,rgba(37,99,235,.14),transparent 30%),

linear-gradient(135deg,#f0f9ff,#f8fafc 45%,#ecfdf5);

}

.app{

display:grid;

grid-template-columns:280px 1fr;

min-height:100vh;

}

.sidebar{

position:sticky;

top:0;

height:100vh;

padding:24px 20px;

background:

radial-gradient(circle at 20% 0%,rgba(6,182,212,.24),transparent 30%),

linear-gradient(180deg,var(--dark),var(--dark2));

color:white;

}

.brand{

display:flex;

align-items:center;

gap:14px;

margin-bottom:34px;

}

.brand-icon{

width:52px;

height:52px;

border-radius:18px;

display:grid;

place-items:center;

background:linear-gradient(135deg,#22d3ee,#2563eb,#16a34a);

font-size:25px;

box-shadow:0 16px 36px rgba(6,182,212,.25);

}

.brand h1{

margin:0;

font-size:19px;

line-height:1.1;

}

.brand p{

margin:5px 0 0;

color:#94a3b8;

font-size:12px;

}

.nav-title{

margin:22px 8px 10px;

color:#64748b;

font-size:11px;

font-weight:800;

letter-spacing:.12em;

text-transform:uppercase;

}

.nav button{

width:100%;

display:flex;

align-items:center;

gap:12px;

padding:13px 14px;

margin:7px 0;

color:#cbd5e1;

background:transparent;

border:0;

text-align:left;

border-radius:16px;

font-size:14px;

cursor:pointer;

transition:.2s;

}

.nav button:hover,

.nav button.active{

color:white;

background:rgba(255,255,255,.10);

transform:translateX(4px);

}

.sidebar-footer{

position:absolute;

left:20px;

right:20px;

bottom:24px;

padding:16px;

border-radius:20px;

background:rgba(255,255,255,.08);

border:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.12);

}

.online{

display:flex;

align-items:center;

gap:8px;

color:#bbf7d0;

font-weight:800;

font-size:13px;

margin-bottom:8px;

}

.dot{

width:10px;

height:10px;

border-radius:50%;

background:#22c55e;

box-shadow:0 0 0 6px rgba(34,197,94,.16);

}

.sidebar-footer strong{

display:block;

font-size:16px;

margin-bottom:5px;

}

.sidebar-footer span{

color:#94a3b8;

font-size:12px;

line-height:1.5;

}

.content{

padding:28px;

min-width:0;

}

.page{

display:none;

animation:fadeIn .22s ease;

}

.page.active{

display:block;

}

@keyframes fadeIn{

from{

opacity:0;

transform:translateY(8px);

}

to{

opacity:1;

transform:translateY(0);

}

.topbar{

display:flex;

justify-content:space-between;

align-items:center;

gap:18px;

margin-bottom:22px;

}

.topbar h2{

margin:0;

font-size:clamp(26px,3vw,38px);

letter-spacing:-.04em;

color:#0f172a;

}

.topbar p{

margin:8px 0 0;

color:var(--muted);

}

.btn{

border:0;

border-radius:14px;

padding:12px 15px;

font-weight:800;

box-shadow:var(--shadow);

background:white;

color:var(--text);

cursor:pointer;

}

.btn-primary{

background:linear-gradient(135deg,var(--cyan),var(--blue));

color:white;

}

.btn-dark{

background:#0f172a;

color:white;

}

.btn-success{

background:#dcfce7;

color:#166534;

box-shadow:none;

}

.btn-danger{

background:#fee2e2;

color:#991b1b;

box-shadow:none;

}

/* ================= FIRST DASHBOARD PAGE ================= */

.dashboard-hero{

display:grid;

grid-template-columns:360px 1fr;

gap:22px;

margin-bottom:22px;

}

.iaq-priority-card{

min-height:420px;

border-radius:34px;

padding:28px;

color:white;

background:

radial-gradient(circle at 80% 15%,rgba(34,211,238,.38),transparent 34%),

linear-gradient(135deg,#0f172a,#1e3a8a);

box-shadow:var(--shadow);

position:relative;

overflow:hidden;

}

.iaq-priority-card::after{

content:"";

position:absolute;

width:220px;

height:220px;

border-radius:50%;

right:-80px;

bottom:-80px;

background:rgba(255,255,255,.08);

}

.iaq-label{

color:#bae6fd;

font-size:13px;

font-weight:900;

letter-spacing:.14em;

text-transform:uppercase;

}

.iaq-gauge-wrap{

display:flex;

justify-content:center;

align-items:center;

margin:26px 0 18px;

}

.iaq-gauge{

width:210px;

height:210px;

border-radius:50%;

display:grid;

place-items:center;

position:relative;

background:conic-gradient(#16a34a 0deg,#1e293b 0deg);

box-shadow:

0 22px 50px rgba(0,0,0,.22),

inset 0 0 0 1px rgba(255,255,255,.12);

}

.iaq-gauge::before{

content:"";

position:absolute;

inset:18px;

border-radius:50%;

background:

radial-gradient(circle at 30% 20%,rgba(255,255,255,.12),transparent 34%),

#172554;

box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 1px rgba(255,255,255,.08);

}

.iaq-gauge-center{

position:relative;

z-index:1;

text-align:center;

}

.iaq-number{

font-size:58px;

line-height:.9;

letter-spacing:-.08em;

font-weight:950;

}

.iaq-unit{

margin-top:6px;

color:#bae6fd;

font-size:13px;

font-weight:900;

letter-spacing:.16em;

}

.iaq-status-main{

text-align:center;

font-size:28px;

font-weight:900;

letter-spacing:-.04em;

margin-bottom:12px;

}

.iaq-desc{

color:#dbeafe;

line-height:1.6;

font-size:14px;

max-width:280px;

margin:0 auto;

text-align:center;

}

.iaq-badge{

display:flex;

align-items:center;

justify-content:center;

gap:8px;

margin:22px auto 0;

width:max-content;

padding:11px 14px;

border-radius:999px;

background:rgba(255,255,255,.12);

border:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.16);

color:#e0f2fe;

font-size:13px;

font-weight:900;

}

.dashboard-readings-wrap{

display:grid;

gap:18px;

}

.dashboard-row{

display:grid;

gap:18px;

}

.dashboard-row.pm-row{

grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);

}

.dashboard-row.env-row{

grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);

}

.reading-tile{

background:

radial-gradient(circle at 92% 0%,color-mix(in srgb,var(--accent) 18%,transparent) 0 66px,transparent 68px),

linear-gradient(180deg,rgba(255,255,255,.98),rgba(251,252,253,.94));

border-radius:26px;

padding:22px;

box-shadow:0 22px 55px rgba(15,23,42,.10),inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.85);

border:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.92);

min-height:201px;

position:relative;

overflow:hidden;

}

.tile-icon{

width:50px;

height:50px;

border-radius:17px;

display:grid;

place-items:center;

background:linear-gradient(180deg,rgba(255,255,255,.96),rgba(245,248,252,.90));

color:var(--accent);

font-weight:950;

border:1px solid color-mix(in srgb,var(--accent) 20%,rgba(255,255,255,.8));

box-shadow:0 10px 24px rgba(15,23,42,.08),inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.95);

margin-bottom:16px;

}

.tile-title{

color:#50627a;

font-size:16px;

font-weight:900;

margin-bottom:10px;

}

.tile-value-row{

display:flex;

align-items:flex-end;

gap:8px;

flex-wrap:wrap;

}

.tile-value{

font-size:42px;

line-height:.92;

letter-spacing:-.08em;

color:#020617;

font-weight:950;

}

.tile-unit{

font-size:14px;

color:#475569;

font-weight:900;

line-height:1.1;

margin-bottom:4px;

white-space:nowrap;

}

.tile-badge{

display:inline-flex;

margin-top:14px;

padding:8px 13px;

border-radius:999px;

font-size:13px;

font-weight:900;

}

.good{

background:#dcfce7;

color:#166534;

}

.moderate{

background:#fef3c7;

color:#92400e;

}

.danger{

background:#fee2e2;

color:#991b1b;

}

.summary-strip{

margin-top:22px;

display:grid;

grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);

gap:16px;

}

.summary-box{

background:white;

border-radius:20px;

padding:16px 18px;

box-shadow:var(--shadow);

border:1px solid rgba(229,231,235,.85);

}

.summary-box span{

display:block;

color:var(--muted);

font-size:12px;

font-weight:900;

text-transform:uppercase;

letter-spacing:.06em;

margin-bottom:8px;

}

.summary-box strong{

color:#0f172a;

font-size:20px;

}

/* ================= ICONS ================= */

.pm-icon svg,

.air-icon svg{

width:28px;

height:28px;

stroke:currentColor;

stroke-width:2.35;

fill:none;

stroke-linecap:round;

stroke-linejoin:round;

}

.wide-icon.pm-icon svg{

width:36px;

height:36px;

}

/* ================= SHARED PAGES ================= */

.panel{

background:white;

border-radius:var(--radius);

box-shadow:var(--shadow);

border:1px solid rgba(229,231,235,.85);

overflow:hidden;

}

.panel-header{

padding:20px 22px;

border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);

display:flex;

justify-content:space-between;

align-items:center;

gap:14px;

flex-wrap:wrap;

}

.panel-header h3{

margin:0;

font-size:19px;

color:#0f172a;

}

.panel-header p{

margin:5px 0 0;

color:var(--muted);

font-size:13px;

}

.pm-reading-cards,

.environment-reading-cards{

display:grid;

grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);

gap:24px;

margin-bottom:22px;

width:100%;

}

.environment-reading-cards{

padding:20px;

}

.wide-card{

background:

radial-gradient(circle at 88% 0%,color-mix(in srgb,var(--accent) 20%,transparent) 0 70px,transparent 72px),

linear-gradient(180deg,rgba(255,255,255,.98),rgba(251,252,253,.94));

border-radius:26px;

padding:28px 30px;

min-height:205px;

display:grid;

grid-template-columns:78px 1fr auto;

align-items:center;

column-gap:20px;

box-shadow:var(--shadow);

border:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.92);

overflow:hidden;

}

.wide-icon{

width:74px;

height:74px;

border-radius:24px;

display:grid;

place-items:center;

background:white;

color:var(--accent);

font-weight:950;

font-size:22px;

border:1px solid color-mix(in srgb,var(--accent) 20%,rgba(255,255,255,.8));

}

.wide-main p{

margin:0 0 12px;

font-size:20px;

color:#50627a;

font-weight:900;

}

.wide-reading-row{

display:flex;

align-items:flex-end;

gap:10px;

flex-wrap:wrap;

}

.wide-value{

font-size:50px;

line-height:.92;

letter-spacing:-.08em;

color:#020617;

font-weight:950;

}

.wide-unit{

font-size:18px;

color:#475569;

font-weight:900;

line-height:1.05;

margin-bottom:5px;

white-space:nowrap;

}

.wide-main h3{

margin:0;

font-size:50px;

line-height:1;

letter-spacing:-.08em;

color:#020617;

}

.wide-main .unit{

font-size:20px;

color:#475569;

font-weight:900;

margin-left:6px;

}

.wide-badge{

align-self:end;

justify-self:end;

padding:11px 18px;

border-radius:999px;

font-size:16px;

font-weight:900;

white-space:nowrap;

}

.chart{

height:430px;

margin:22px;

border-radius:20px;

border:1px solid var(--line);

background:

linear-gradient(to top,rgba(148,163,184,.18) 1px,transparent 1px),

linear-gradient(to right,rgba(148,163,184,.12) 1px,transparent 1px);

background-size:100% 72px,78px 100%;

overflow:hidden;

}

.chart svg{

width:100%;

height:100%;

display:block;

}

.legend{

display:flex;

gap:14px;

flex-wrap:wrap;

padding:0 22px 22px;

}

.legend span{

display:flex;

align-items:center;

gap:8px;

color:var(--muted);

font-weight:800;

font-size:13px;

}

.legend i{

width:10px;

height:10px;

border-radius:50%;

background:var(--c);

}

.range-controls{

display:flex;

gap:8px;

flex-wrap:wrap;

}

.range-btn{

border:1px solid var(--line);

background:white;

color:#475569;

padding:9px 12px;

border-radius:999px;

font-size:12px;

font-weight:900;

cursor:pointer;

}

.range-btn.active,

.range-btn:hover{

background:linear-gradient(135deg,var(--cyan),var(--blue));

color:white;

border-color:transparent;

}

.interactive-chart{

position:relative;

}

.chart-tooltip{

position:absolute;

min-width:178px;

padding:12px 13px;

border-radius:14px;

background:#0f172a;

color:white;

box-shadow:0 18px 40px rgba(15,23,42,.26);

pointer-events:none;

opacity:0;

transform:translate(-50%,-110%);

z-index:5;

font-size:12px;

}

.chart-tooltip.show{

opacity:1;

}

.chart-tooltip strong{

display:block;

font-size:13px;

margin-bottom:8px;

color:#e0f2fe;

}

.tooltip-row{

display:flex;

align-items:center;

justify-content:space-between;

gap:18px;

margin:5px 0;

}

.tooltip-label{

display:inline-flex;

align-items:center;

gap:6px;

color:#cbd5e1;

}

.tooltip-dot{

width:8px;

height:8px;

border-radius:50%;

background:var(--dot);

}

.hover-line{

stroke:#0f172a;

stroke-width:1.5;

stroke-dasharray:5 5;

opacity:0;

pointer-events:none;

}

.hover-point{

opacity:0;

pointer-events:none;

stroke:white;

stroke-width:3;

}

.interactive-chart.active-hover .hover-line,

.interactive-chart.active-hover .hover-point{

opacity:1;

}

.comfort{

padding:26px;

}

.comfort-layout{

display:grid;

grid-template-columns:320px 1fr;

gap:24px;

align-items:center;

}

.comfort-left{

display:flex;

flex-direction:column;

align-items:center;

justify-content:center;

text-align:center;

padding:6px 10px;

}

.comfort-meter{

width:200px;

height:200px;

margin:0 0 20px;

border-radius:50%;

display:grid;

place-items:center;

background:conic-gradient(#16a34a 0 260deg,#e5e7eb 260deg 360deg);

position:relative;

}

.comfort-meter::before{

content:"";

position:absolute;

inset:16px;

background:white;

border-radius:50%;

}

.comfort-meter strong{

position:relative;

z-index:1;

font-size:44px;

letter-spacing:-.05em;

}

.comfort h4{

text-align:center;

margin:0 0 10px;

font-size:23px;

}

.comfort p{

text-align:center;

margin:0;

color:var(--muted);

line-height:1.6;

font-size:15px;

max-width:260px;

}

.mini-grid{

display:grid;

grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;

gap:16px;

}

.mini{

min-height:112px;

padding:18px;

border-radius:18px;

background:#f8fafc;

border:1px solid var(--line);

display:flex;

flex-direction:column;

justify-content:center;

}

.mini span{

color:var(--muted);

font-size:12px;

font-weight:900;

}

.mini strong{

display:block;

margin-top:10px;

font-size:24px;

color:#0f172a;

}

.table-wrap{

overflow-x:auto;

}

table{

width:100%;

border-collapse:collapse;

min-width:820px;

}

th,td{

padding:15px 22px;

text-align:left;

border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);

font-size:14px;

}

th{

background:#f8fafc;

color:var(--muted);

font-size:11px;

text-transform:uppercase;

letter-spacing:.08em;

}

.logger-toolbar{

display:grid;

grid-template-columns:repeat(4,minmax(160px,1fr));

gap:14px;

padding:20px;

border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);

background:#f8fafc;

}

.logger-control{

background:white;

border:1px solid var(--line);

border-radius:18px;

padding:14px;

}

.logger-control span{

display:block;

color:var(--muted);

font-size:12px;

font-weight:900;

margin-bottom:8px;

}

.logger-control select,

.logger-control input{

width:100%;

box-shadow:none;

border:1px solid var(--line);

padding:10px;

border-radius:12px;

background:white;

font-weight:800;

}

.logger-actions{

display:flex;

gap:10px;

flex-wrap:wrap;

}

.logger-status{

display:inline-flex;

align-items:center;

gap:8px;

padding:9px 12px;

border-radius:999px;

font-size:13px;

font-weight:900;

background:#fee2e2;

color:#991b1b;

}

.logger-status.running{

background:#dcfce7;

color:#166534;

}

.logger-dot{

width:9px;

height:9px;

border-radius:50%;

background:currentColor;

}

/* ================= ALERTS PAGE ================= */

.alert-dashboard-grid{

display:grid;

grid-template-columns:1.1fr .9fr;

gap:20px;

}

.alerts{

display:grid;

gap:14px;

padding:20px;

}

.alert{

display:grid;

grid-template-columns:46px 1fr auto;

gap:14px;

padding:16px;

border-radius:20px;

background:#f8fafc;

border:1px solid var(--line);

align-items:center;

}

.alert-icon{

width:46px;

height:46px;

border-radius:16px;

display:grid;

place-items:center;

background:#fef3c7;

color:#92400e;

font-size:20px;

}

.alert strong{

display:block;

margin-bottom:4px;

color:#0f172a;

}

.alert span{

color:var(--muted);

font-size:13px;

line-height:1.5;

}

.alert-level{

padding:8px 12px;

border-radius:999px;

font-size:12px;

font-weight:900;

white-space:nowrap;

}

.level-info{

background:#dbeafe;

color:#1d4ed8;

}

.level-warning{

background:#fef3c7;

color:#92400e;

}

.level-danger{

background:#fee2e2;

color:#991b1b;

}

.level-good{

background:#dcfce7;

color:#166534;

}

.alert-settings{

padding:20px;

display:grid;

gap:14px;

}

.settings-grid{

display:grid;

grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;

gap:14px;

}

.setting-card{

padding:14px;

border-radius:18px;

background:#f8fafc;

border:1px solid var(--line);

}

.setting-card label{

display:block;

color:#475569;

font-size:12px;

font-weight:900;

margin-bottom:8px;

}

.setting-card input{

width:100%;

border:1px solid var(--line);

border-radius:12px;

padding:10px;

font-size:14px;

font-weight:800;

outline:none;

}

.alert-summary{

display:grid;

grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);

gap:14px;

margin-bottom:20px;

}

.alert-metric{

background:white;

border:1px solid var(--line);

box-shadow:var(--shadow);

border-radius:22px;

padding:18px;

}

.alert-metric span{

color:var(--muted);

font-size:12px;

font-weight:900;

text-transform:uppercase;

letter-spacing:.06em;

}

.alert-metric strong{

display:block;

margin-top:8px;

font-size:26px;

color:#0f172a;

}

@media(max-width:1250px){

.dashboard-hero{

grid-template-columns:1fr;

}

.dashboard-row.pm-row,

.dashboard-row.env-row{

grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr);

}

.summary-strip,

.alert-summary{

grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr);

}

.pm-reading-cards,

.environment-reading-cards{

grid-template-columns:1fr;

}

.wide-card{

grid-template-columns:70px 1fr;

row-gap:16px;

}

.wide-badge{

grid-column:1/-1;

justify-self:start;

}

.comfort-layout{

grid-template-columns:1fr;

}

.logger-toolbar,

.settings-grid{

grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr);

}

.alert-dashboard-grid{

grid-template-columns:1fr;

}

@media(max-width:900px){

.app{

grid-template-columns:1fr;

}

.sidebar{

position:static;

height:auto;

}

.sidebar-footer{

position:static;

margin-top:24px;

}

.topbar{

align-items:flex-start;

flex-direction:column;

}

@media(max-width:620px){

.content{

padding:18px;

}

.dashboard-row.pm-row,

.dashboard-row.env-row,

.summary-strip,

.mini-grid,

.logger-toolbar,

.settings-grid,

.alert-summary{

grid-template-columns:1fr;

}

.iaq-gauge{

width:190px;

height:190px;

}

.iaq-number{

font-size:52px;

}

.tile-value{

font-size:38px;

}

.wide-value{

font-size:42px;

}

.alert{

grid-template-columns:46px 1fr;

}

.alert-level{

grid-column:1/-1;

justify-self:start;

}

</style>

</head>

<body>

<div>

<h1>AeroSense IoT</h1>

<p>PM & air quality monitor</p>

</div>

<div class="nav-title">Pages</div>

<button class="active" onclick="showPage('dashboard',this)">🌫 Dashboard</button>

<button onclick="showPage('pm',this)">📊 PM Readings</button>

<button onclick="showPage('environment',this)">🌡 Environment</button>

<button onclick="showPage('history',this)">🕒 History</button>

<button onclick="showPage('alerts',this)">⚠ Alerts</button>

</nav>

<div class="online"><span class="dot"></span> Device Online</div>

<strong>AQ-MONITOR-01</strong>

</div>

</aside>

<div>

<h2>PM & Air Quality Monitoring</h2>

</div>

<button class="btn btn-primary" onclick="fetchReadings()">Refresh Data</button>

</header>

<div class="iaq-label">Indoor Air Quality</div>

</div>

<div class="iaq-status-main" id="aqiLabel">Loading...</div>

<div class="iaq-desc" id="aqiMessage">Waiting for ESP32 sensor readings.</div>

<div class="iaq-badge" id="aqiStatus">● Connecting</div>

</div>

</svg>

</div>

</div>

</div>

</svg>

</div>

</div>

</div>

</svg>

</div>

</div>

</div>

</div>

<div class="tile-badge good">Stable</div>

</div>

</div>

<div class="tile-badge good">Comfort</div>

</div>

</div>

</div>

</div>

</div>

<span>Device</span>

<strong id="deviceState">Online</strong>

</div>

<strong>Active</strong>

</div>

</div>

<span>Last Update</span>

</div>

</section>

<div>

<h2>PM Readings</h2>

<p>Live PMS7003 readings with trend graph.</p>

</div>

<button class="btn btn-primary" onclick="fetchReadings()">Refresh PM Data</button>

</header>

</svg>

</div>

</div>

<span class="wide-badge good">Fine particles</span>

</div>

</svg>

</div>

</div>

<span class="wide-badge moderate">Moderate</span>

</div>

</svg>

</div>

</div>

<span class="wide-badge danger">Dust level</span>

</div>

<div>

<h3>Particle Matter Trend</h3>

<p>Hover to see PM values.</p>

</div>

<button class="range-btn" onclick="setPmRange('3h',this)">3 hours</button>

<button class="range-btn" onclick="setPmRange('6h',this)">6 hours</button>

<button class="range-btn" onclick="setPmRange('12h',this)">12 hours</button>

<button class="range-btn" onclick="setPmRange('24h',this)">24 hours</button>

</div>

<defs>

</linearGradient>

</linearGradient>

</defs>

</svg>

</div>

</div>

</section>

<div>

<h2>Environment</h2>

<p>BME680 final readings from BSEC.</p>

</div>

<button class="btn btn-primary" onclick="fetchReadings()">Refresh Environment</button>

</header>

<div>

<h3>BME680 Air Quality Data</h3>

<p>Temperature, humidity, IAQ, CO2 and VOC.</p>

</div>

<p>Temperature</p>

</div>

<span class="wide-badge good">Stable</span>

</div>

<p>Humidity</p>

</div>

<span class="wide-badge good">Comfort</span>

</div>

</div>

</div>

</div>

<h4 id="comfortLabel">Loading</h4>

<p id="comfortText">Waiting for BME680 readings.</p>

</div>

<div class="mini"><span>CO2 EQUIVALENT</span><strong id="co2Mini">-- ppm</strong></div>

<div class="mini"><span>VOC EQUIVALENT</span><strong id="vocMini">-- ppm</strong></div>

<div class="mini"><span>CALIBRATION</span><strong id="calMini">--</strong></div>

<div class="mini"><span>UPTIME</span><strong id="uptimeMini">--</strong></div>

</div>

</section>

<div>

<h2>History & Data Logger</h2>

<p>Log readings and export as Excel.</p>

</div>

<div>

<button class="btn btn-dark" onclick="exportExcel()">Export Excel</button>

</div>

</header>

<div>

<h3>Data Logger Controls</h3>

<p>Start automatic logging, choose interval, clear logs, or download records.</p>

</div>

<span class="logger-dot"></span> Logger Stopped

</div>

<span>Logging Interval</span>

<option value="2000">Every 2 seconds</option>

<option value="5000" selected>Every 5 seconds</option>

<option value="10000">Every 10 seconds</option>

<option value="30000">Every 30 seconds</option>

<option value="60000">Every 1 minute</option>

</select>

</div>

<span>Total Records</span>

</div>

</div>

<span>Actions</span>

<button class="btn btn-success" onclick="startLogger()">Start</button>

<button class="btn" onclick="clearLogs()">Clear</button>

</div>

<table>

<thead>

<tr>

<th>Humidity</th>

<th>Accuracy</th>

</tr>

</thead>

</table>

</div>

</section>

<div>

<h2>Alerts & Settings</h2>

<p>Live safety warnings with adjustable threshold settings.</p>

</div>

<button class="btn btn-primary" onclick="saveAlertSettings()">Save Alert Settings</button>

</header>

<span>Active Alerts</span>

</div>

<span>Highest Level</span>

<strong id="highestAlertLevel">Normal</strong>

</div>

<span>Last Check</span>

</div>

<div>

<h3>Smart Air Quality Alerts</h3>

<p>Generated from PM, IAQ, CO2, VOC, temperature, humidity, calibration and device status.</p>

</div>

<div>

<strong>Waiting for data</strong>

<span>Dashboard is connecting to ESP32.</span>

</div>

</div>

<div>

<h3>Alert Threshold Settings</h3>

<p>Change these values to control when alerts appear.</p>

</div>

<label>PM2.5 warning</label>

</div>

<label>PM2.5 danger</label>

</div>

<label>PM10 warning</label>

</div>

<label>PM10 danger</label>

</div>

<label>IAQ warning</label>

</div>

<label>IAQ danger</label>

</div>

<label>CO2 warning ppm</label>

</div>

<label>CO2 danger ppm</label>

</div>

<label>VOC warning ppm</label>

</div>

<label>VOC danger ppm</label>

</div>

<label>Min comfort humidity %</label>

</div>

<label>Max comfort humidity %</label>

</div>

<label>Min comfort temp °C</label>

</div>

<label>Max comfort temp °C</label>

</div>

<button class="btn btn-dark" onclick="resetAlertSettings()">Reset Defaults</button>

</div>

</section>

</main>

</div>

let latest=null;

let loggerTimer=null;

let pmHistory=[];

const defaultAlertSettings={

pm25Warn:35,

pm25Danger:55,

pm10Warn:80,

pm10Danger:150,

iaqWarn:100,

iaqDanger:200,

co2Warn:1000,

co2Danger:2000,

vocWarn:1.00,

vocDanger:2.00,

humMin:30,

humMax:70,

tempMin:18,

tempMax:32

};

let alertSettings={...defaultAlertSettings};

function showPage(page,button){

document.querySelectorAll(".page").forEach(s=>s.classList.remove("active"));

document.getElementById("page-"+page).classList.add("active");

document.querySelectorAll(".nav button").forEach(x=>x.classList.remove("active"));

button.classList.add("active");

}

function cls(status){

return status==="Good" ? "good" :

status==="Unhealthy" || status==="Very Unhealthy" || status==="Hazardous" ? "danger" :

"moderate";

}

function setHTML(id,value){

const e=document.getElementById(id);

if(e)e.innerHTML=value;

}

function setText(id,value){

const e=document.getElementById(id);

if(e)e.textContent=value;

}

function pm25Status(v){

if(v<=12)return "Good";

if(v<=35)return "Moderate";

if(v<=55)return "Poor";

return "Unhealthy";

}

function getIaqColor(iaq){

if(iaq<=50)return "#16a34a";

if(iaq<=100)return "#84cc16";

if(iaq<=150)return "#eab308";

if(iaq<=200)return "#f97316";

if(iaq<=300)return "#ef4444";

return "#991b1b";

}

function updateIaqGauge(iaq){

const gauge=document.getElementById("iaqGauge");

if(!gauge)return;

const value=Math.max(0,Math.min(500,Number(iaq)));

const degrees=(value/500)*360;

const color=getIaqColor(value);

gauge.style.background=`conic-gradient(${color} 0deg ${degrees}deg, rgba(255,255,255,.16) ${degrees}deg 360deg)`;

gauge.style.boxShadow=`0 22px 50px rgba(0,0,0,.22), 0 0 34px ${color}55, inset 0 0 0 1px rgba(255,255,255,.12)`;

}

function updateUI(d){

latest=d;

const status=d.status || "Loading";

const now=new Date().toLocaleTimeString([],{

hour:"2-digit",

minute:"2-digit",

second:"2-digit"

});

setText("dashPm1",d.pm1);

setText("dashPm25",d.pm25);

setText("dashPm10",d.pm10);

setText("dashTemp",Number(d.temperature).toFixed(1));

setText("dashHum",Number(d.humidity).toFixed(0));

setText("dashCo2",Number(d.co2).toFixed(0));

setText("dashVoc",Number(d.voc).toFixed(2));

setText("pm1PageValue",d.pm1);

setText("pm25PageValue",d.pm25);

setText("pm10PageValue",d.pm10);

setHTML("envTemp",`${Number(d.temperature).toFixed(1)}<span class="unit">°C</span>`);

setHTML("envHumidity",`${Number(d.humidity).toFixed(1)}<span class="unit">%</span>`);

setHTML("envIaq",`${Number(d.iaq).toFixed(0)}`);

setText("aqiValue",Number(d.iaq).toFixed(0));

setText("aqiLabel",`${status} Air Quality`);

setText("aqiStatus",`● Current status: ${status}`);

updateIaqGauge(d.iaq);

if(d.calibrating){

setText("aqiMessage","BME680 is calibrating. IAQ, CO2, and VOC will improve after calibration.");

}else{

setText("aqiMessage","Live IAQ reading from BME680 BSEC output.");

}

const pms=pm25Status(Number(d.pm25));

const pmBadge=document.getElementById("pm25Status");

if(pmBadge){

pmBadge.className="tile-badge "+cls(pms);

pmBadge.textContent=pms;

}

setText("deviceIp",d.ip || "--");

setText("lastUpdate",now);

setText("deviceState","Online");

setText("calState",d.iaqAccuracyText || "--");

setText("envAccuracy",d.iaqAccuracyText || "--");

setText("co2Mini",`${Number(d.co2).toFixed(0)} ppm`);

setText("vocMini",`${Number(d.voc).toFixed(2)} ppm`);

setText("calMini",d.iaqAccuracyText || "--");

setText("uptimeMini",`${d.uptime}s`);

const comfort=Math.max(

45,

Math.min(

96,

100-Math.abs(d.temperature-25)*5-Math.abs(d.humidity-50)*.6

)

);

setText("comfortScore",Math.round(comfort)+"%");

setText("comfortLabel",comfort>75 ? "Very Comfortable" : comfort>60 ? "Comfortable" : "Needs Improvement");

if(d.calibrating){

setText("comfortText","Sensor calibration is in progress.");

}else{

setText("comfortText","Temperature and humidity are within measured range.");

}

updateAlerts(d);

pushPmHistory(d);

renderPmChart();

}

function getAlertSettingsFromInputs(){

alertSettings={

pm25Warn:Number(document.getElementById("setPm25Warn").value),

pm25Danger:Number(document.getElementById("setPm25Danger").value),

pm10Warn:Number(document.getElementById("setPm10Warn").value),

pm10Danger:Number(document.getElementById("setPm10Danger").value),

iaqWarn:Number(document.getElementById("setIaqWarn").value),

iaqDanger:Number(document.getElementById("setIaqDanger").value),

co2Warn:Number(document.getElementById("setCo2Warn").value),

co2Danger:Number(document.getElementById("setCo2Danger").value),

vocWarn:Number(document.getElementById("setVocWarn").value),

vocDanger:Number(document.getElementById("setVocDanger").value),

humMin:Number(document.getElementById("setHumMin").value),

humMax:Number(document.getElementById("setHumMax").value),

tempMin:Number(document.getElementById("setTempMin").value),

tempMax:Number(document.getElementById("setTempMax").value)

};

}

function loadAlertSettings(){

const saved=localStorage.getItem("aerosense_alert_settings");

if(saved){

try{

alertSettings={...defaultAlertSettings,...JSON.parse(saved)};

}catch(e){

alertSettings={...defaultAlertSettings};

}

document.getElementById("setPm25Warn").value=alertSettings.pm25Warn;

document.getElementById("setPm25Danger").value=alertSettings.pm25Danger;

document.getElementById("setPm10Warn").value=alertSettings.pm10Warn;

document.getElementById("setPm10Danger").value=alertSettings.pm10Danger;

document.getElementById("setIaqWarn").value=alertSettings.iaqWarn;

document.getElementById("setIaqDanger").value=alertSettings.iaqDanger;

document.getElementById("setCo2Warn").value=alertSettings.co2Warn;

document.getElementById("setCo2Danger").value=alertSettings.co2Danger;

document.getElementById("setVocWarn").value=alertSettings.vocWarn;

document.getElementById("setVocDanger").value=alertSettings.vocDanger;

document.getElementById("setHumMin").value=alertSettings.humMin;

document.getElementById("setHumMax").value=alertSettings.humMax;

document.getElementById("setTempMin").value=alertSettings.tempMin;

document.getElementById("setTempMax").value=alertSettings.tempMax;

}

function saveAlertSettings(){

getAlertSettingsFromInputs();

localStorage.setItem("aerosense_alert_settings",JSON.stringify(alertSettings));

if(latest) updateAlerts(latest);

alert("Alert settings saved.");

}

function resetAlertSettings(){

alertSettings={...defaultAlertSettings};

localStorage.removeItem("aerosense_alert_settings");

loadAlertSettings();

if(latest) updateAlerts(latest);

}

function makeAlert(icon,title,message,level){

const levelClass=level==="Danger" ? "level-danger" :

level==="Warning" ? "level-warning" :

level==="Good" ? "level-good" :

"level-info";

return `

<div>

<strong>${title}</strong>

<span>${message}</span>

</div>

<div class="alert-level ${levelClass}">${level}</div>

</div>

}

function updateAlerts(d){

getAlertSettingsFromInputs();

let h="";

let count=0;

let highest="Normal";

function add(icon,title,msg,level){

h+=makeAlert(icon,title,msg,level);

if(level==="Warning" || level==="Danger") count++;

if(level==="Danger") highest="Danger";

else if(level==="Warning" && highest!=="Danger") highest="Warning";

}

if(d.calibrating){

add("⏳","BME680 calibration in progress","IAQ accuracy is "+d.iaqAccuracy+". Keep the sensor running for better IAQ, CO2 and VOC readings.","Warning");

}

if(Number(d.pm25)>=alertSettings.pm25Danger){

add("🚨","PM2.5 danger level","PM2.5 is "+d.pm25+" µg/m³. Consider filtration and ventilation.","Danger");

}else if(Number(d.pm25)>=alertSettings.pm25Warn){

add("⚠️","PM2.5 warning","PM2.5 is "+d.pm25+" µg/m³. Air quality is becoming unhealthy.","Warning");

}

if(Number(d.pm10)>=alertSettings.pm10Danger){

add("🌪️","PM10 danger level","PM10 is "+d.pm10+" µg/m³. Dust level is high.","Danger");

}else if(Number(d.pm10)>=alertSettings.pm10Warn){

add("🌫️","PM10 warning","PM10 is "+d.pm10+" µg/m³. Dust level is above your warning limit.","Warning");

}

if(Number(d.iaq)>=alertSettings.iaqDanger){

add("🛑","IAQ danger level","IAQ is "+Number(d.iaq).toFixed(0)+". Indoor air quality is unhealthy.","Danger");

}else if(Number(d.iaq)>=alertSettings.iaqWarn){

add("⚠️","IAQ warning","IAQ is "+Number(d.iaq).toFixed(0)+". Air quality needs attention.","Warning");

}

if(Number(d.co2)>=alertSettings.co2Danger){

add("🫁","CO2 danger level","CO2 equivalent is "+Number(d.co2).toFixed(0)+" ppm. Improve ventilation immediately.","Danger");

}else if(Number(d.co2)>=alertSettings.co2Warn){

add("💨","CO2 warning","CO2 equivalent is "+Number(d.co2).toFixed(0)+" ppm. Ventilation may be low.","Warning");

}

if(Number(d.voc)>=alertSettings.vocDanger){

add("🧪","VOC danger level","VOC equivalent is "+Number(d.voc).toFixed(2)+" ppm. Possible chemical or odor source nearby.","Danger");

}else if(Number(d.voc)>=alertSettings.vocWarn){

add("🧴","VOC warning","VOC equivalent is "+Number(d.voc).toFixed(2)+" ppm. Check for perfumes, smoke, cleaners or solvents.","Warning");

}

if(Number(d.humidity)<alertSettings.humMin){

add("💧","Low humidity","Humidity is "+Number(d.humidity).toFixed(0)+"%. Air may feel dry.","Warning");

}else if(Number(d.humidity)>alertSettings.humMax){

add("💦","High humidity","Humidity is "+Number(d.humidity).toFixed(0)+"%. Risk of discomfort or moisture buildup.","Warning");

}

if(Number(d.temperature)<alertSettings.tempMin){

add("❄️","Low temperature","Temperature is "+Number(d.temperature).toFixed(1)+" °C. Room is below comfort limit.","Warning");

}else if(Number(d.temperature)>alertSettings.tempMax){

add("🔥","High temperature","Temperature is "+Number(d.temperature).toFixed(1)+" °C. Room is above comfort limit.","Warning");

}

if(h===""){

h+=makeAlert("✅","All readings normal","PM, IAQ, CO2, VOC, temperature and humidity are within the configured limits.","Good");

}

h+=makeAlert("📡","Device online","ESP32 webserver is serving live readings from PMS7003 and BME680.","Info");

document.getElementById("alertsBox").innerHTML=h;

setText("activeAlertCount",count);

setText("highestAlertLevel",highest);

setText("alertLastCheck",new Date().toLocaleTimeString([],{

hour:"2-digit",

minute:"2-digit",

second:"2-digit"

}));

}

async function fetchReadings(){

try{

const r=await fetch("/api/readings");

const d=await r.json();

updateUI(d);

}catch(e){

setText("deviceState","Offline");

}

function addLog(d=latest){

if(!d)return;

const row=document.createElement("tr");

const now=new Date().toLocaleTimeString([],{

hour:"2-digit",

minute:"2-digit",

second:"2-digit"

});

row.innerHTML=`

<td>${Number(d.temperature).toFixed(1)}°C</td>

<td>${Number(d.humidity).toFixed(1)}%</td>

<td>${Number(d.iaq).toFixed(1)}</td>

<td>${Number(d.co2).toFixed(0)}</td>

<td>${Number(d.voc).toFixed(2)}</td>

<td>${d.iaqAccuracyText}</td>

document.getElementById("logBody").prepend(row);

updateRecordCount();

}

function updateRecordCount(){

setText("recordCount",document.querySelectorAll("#logBody tr").length);

}

function startLogger(){

if(loggerTimer)return;

const interval=Number(document.getElementById("loggingInterval").value);

const s=document.getElementById("loggerStatus");

s.classList.add("running");

s.innerHTML='<span class="logger-dot"></span> Logger Running';

loggerTimer=setInterval(()=>addLog(),interval);

}

function stopLogger(){

if(loggerTimer){

clearInterval(loggerTimer);

loggerTimer=null;

}

const s=document.getElementById("loggerStatus");

s.classList.remove("running");

s.innerHTML='<span class="logger-dot"></span> Logger Stopped';

}

function clearLogs(){

if(confirm("Clear all logged records?")){

document.getElementById("logBody").innerHTML="";

updateRecordCount();

}

function exportExcel(){

const table=document.querySelector("#page-history table");

let html="<html><head><meta charset='UTF-8'></head><body><table border='1'><tr><th colspan='10'>IoT PM and Air Quality Monitoring Data Log</th></tr>";

table.querySelectorAll("tr").forEach(r=>{

html+="<tr>";

r.querySelectorAll("th,td").forEach(c=>{

html+=`<td>${c.innerText}</td>`;

});

html+="</tr>";

});

html+="</table></body></html>";

const blob=new Blob([html],{

type:"application/vnd.ms-excel"

});

const name=(document.getElementById("exportFileName").value || "air_quality_log").replace(/[^a-z0-9_-]/gi,"_");

const a=document.createElement("a");

a.href=URL.createObjectURL(blob);

a.download=name+".xls";

a.click();

}

function pushPmHistory(d){

pmHistory.push({

time:new Date(),

label:new Date().toLocaleTimeString([],{

hour:"2-digit",

minute:"2-digit"

}),

pm1:Number(d.pm1),

pm25:Number(d.pm25),

pm10:Number(d.pm10)

});

if(pmHistory.length>80){

pmHistory.shift();

}

function yVal(v,max){

return 394-(v/max)*(394-34);

}

function path(points){

if(!points.length)return "";

let d=`M${points[0].x},${points[0].y}`;

for(let i=1;i<points.length;i++){

let p=points[i-1];

let c=points[i];

let m=(p.x+c.x)/2;

d+=` C${m},${p.y} ${m},${c.y} ${c.x},${c.y}`;

}

return d;

}

function setPmRange(k,b){

document.querySelectorAll(".range-btn").forEach(x=>x.classList.remove("active"));

b.classList.add("active");

renderPmChart();

}

function renderPmChart(){

const data=pmHistory.length<2

? Array.from({length:30},()=>({label:"--",pm1:0,pm25:0,pm10:0}))

: pmHistory.slice(-30);

const max=Math.max(1,...data.flatMap(x=>[x.pm1,x.pm25,x.pm10]))*1.15;

const pts=data.map((d,i)=>{

let x=24+(i/(data.length-1))*852;

return {

...d,

y1:yVal(d.pm1,max),

y25:yVal(d.pm25,max),

y10:yVal(d.pm10,max)

};

});

const p1=path(pts.map(p=>({x:p.x,y:p.y1})));

const p25=path(pts.map(p=>({x:p.x,y:p.y25})));

const p10=path(pts.map(p=>({x:p.x,y:p.y10})));

[

["pm1Line",p1],

["pm25Line",p25],

["pm10Line",p10]

].forEach(item=>{

let e=document.getElementById(item[0]);

if(e)e.setAttribute("d",item[1]);

});

const a25=document.getElementById("pm25Area");

const a10=document.getElementById("pm10Area");

if(a25)a25.setAttribute("d",`${p25} L876,394 L24,394 Z`);

if(a10)a10.setAttribute("d",`${p10} L876,394 L24,394 Z`);

setupHover(pts);

}

function setupHover(points){

const chart=document.getElementById("pmChart");

if(!chart)return;

const svg=document.getElementById("pmSvg");

const tip=document.getElementById("pmTooltip");

chart.onmousemove=e=>{

const r=svg.getBoundingClientRect();

const x=((e.clientX-r.left)/r.width)*900;

let n=points[0];

let m=Math.abs(points[0].x-x);

points.forEach(p=>{

let dd=Math.abs(p.x-x);

if(dd<m){

m=dd;

n=p;

}

});

const hl=document.getElementById("hoverLine");

hl.setAttribute("x1",n.x);

hl.setAttribute("x2",n.x);

[

["hoverPm1",n.y1],

["hoverPm25",n.y25],

["hoverPm10",n.y10]

].forEach(a=>{

let el=document.getElementById(a[0]);

el.setAttribute("cx",n.x);

el.setAttribute("cy",a[1]);

});

tip.innerHTML=`

<strong>${n.label}</strong>

</div>

</div>

</div>

tip.style.left=(n.x/900*r.width)+"px";

tip.style.top=Math.max(80,Math.min(n.y1,n.y25,n.y10)/430*r.height)+"px";

chart.classList.add("active-hover");

tip.classList.add("show");

};

chart.onmouseleave=()=>{

chart.classList.remove("active-hover");

tip.classList.remove("show");

};

}

window.addEventListener("load",()=>{

loadAlertSettings();

});

setInterval(fetchReadings,2000);

fetchReadings();

renderPmChart();

</script>

</body>

</html>

)rawliteral";

#endif

Testing & Results of ESP32 based IoT Air Quality Monitoring Device

After uploading the code to the ESP32, the device starts initializing all the connected modules. First, the OLED display turns on and shows the startup message. After that, the ESP32 connects to the Wi-Fi network and displays the local IP address on the OLED screen. This IP address is used to open the web dashboard on a mobile phone or computer. You can watch it on Serial Monitor as well.

The OLED display shows the sensor readings on two different pages. On the first page, it displays the PMS7003 particulate matter readings, including PM1.0, PM2.5, and PM10 values.

On the second page, it displays the BME680 readings such as Temperature, Humidity, IAQ, CO2 equivalent, and VOC equivalent.

The display automatically switches between the two pages every few seconds. If the BME680 sensor is still calibrating, a small CAL… message appears on the OLED display. Once the sensor calibration improves, the readings become more stable and accurate.

Monitoring Air Quality and Paticulate Matter on IoT Dashboard

After uploading the code, the ESP32 connects to the Wi-Fi network and starts a local webserver. The IP address of the ESP32 is displayed on the OLED display and also printed on the Serial Monitor.

To open the IoT dashboard, connect your mobile phone or computer to the same Wi-Fi network and enter the ESP32 IP address in the browser. For example, in my case the dashboard was opened using 192.168.2.112.

The dashboard page displays the complete air quality data in a clean and professional layout. The main dashboard shows the IAQ value in a circular gauge, which changes color according to the air quality level. It also displays live values of PM1.0, PM2.5, PM10, temperature, humidity, CO2 equivalent, and VOC equivalent. At the bottom, it shows the device status, PMS7003 status, BME680 calibration level, and last update time.

The PM Readings page is used to monitor particulate matter data from the PMS7003 sensor. It shows separate cards for PM1.0, PM2.5, and PM10. Below these cards, a live graph displays the trend of particulate matter values over time. The graph has different time options such as 15 minutes, 1 hour, 3 hours, 6 hours, 12 hours, and 24 hours, which makes it easier to analyze air pollution changes.

The Environment page displays the BME680 sensor values. It shows temperature, humidity, and IAQ in large cards. Below that, it shows a comfort percentage gauge along with CO2 equivalent, VOC equivalent, calibration status, and uptime. This section helps to understand the indoor environment and air quality condition more clearly.

The History and Data Logger page is used to record sensor readings. It logs time, PM values, temperature, humidity, IAQ, CO2, VOC, and accuracy level. The data logger can be started or stopped from the dashboard, and the logged data can also be exported as an Excel file for later analysis.

The Alerts and Settings page shows air quality warnings based on the sensor readings. It can display alerts for high PM2.5, PM10, IAQ, CO2, VOC, temperature, and humidity levels. This page also includes threshold settings, so we can change the warning and danger limits according to our requirement.

This project successfully demonstrates an IoT based air quality monitoring system using ESP32, PMS7003, and BME680. It can monitor particulate matter, environmental values, and air quality in real time on both the OLED display and web dashboard.