Automated Toll Collection System using RFID & Arduino

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Introduction

In this project, we will introduce you to the Automatic Smart Toll Tax Collection System designed using RFID Module and Arduino. Nowadays there is a huge rush in toll plazas for paying the toll tax. Therefore, in order to reduce traffic and save time, an automatic toll collector can be used. The aim of the project is to automatically identify the RFID tag in a vehicle and to display the particular amount the user has to pay in order to pass the toll. If the user pays the amount, he can pass the gate else he will be blocked.

This project is a demo of a Smart Toll Tax Collection System. Consider there are n numbers of vehicles at Toll Plaza. When these vehicles cross the IR Sensor, the gate will be closed. At the same time, the LCD will display to put the Card to the reader for scanning. Then you can put your card on RFID and pay your bill. When the bill is successfully paid, then you can go towards the 2nd Gate. When a vehicle crosses the 2nd IR Sensor, the gate will be opened and you can go. In case the card doesn’t have a balance, you can recharge the card using this RFID and Keypad by entering the amount.

Thus this RFID Based Toll Tax Collection System can be used for Industrial applications or College Final Year projects. You can check some recent projects based on RFID & Arduino systems:

1. RFID Based Security System
2. RFID Based Student Attendance System
3. RFID Based Smart Shopping System

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Bill of Materials

You need to buy the following components for this project.

S.N.	Components	Quantity
1	Arduino UNO Board	1	Amazon | AliExpress
2	RC522 RFID Reader	1	Amazon | AliExpress
3	13.56 MHz RFID Card	5	Amazon | AliExpress
5	I2C LCD Display	1	Amazon | AliExpress
6	4x4 Keypad Module	1	Amazon | AliExpress
7	IR Sensor Module E18-D80NK	2	Amazon | AliExpress
8	Servo Motor MG995	1	Amazon | AliExpress
9	Resistor 1K	4	Amazon | AliExpress
10	Resistor 4.7K	3	Amazon | AliExpress
11	Zero PCB	1	Amazon | AliExpress
12	9V DC Power Supply	1	Amazon | AliExpress

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System Overview of Automated Toll Collection System

The RFID reader checks for valid, invalid, or low balances. If invalid and low balance the LCD Screen will show insufficient balance. The RFID Card can be loaded to balance using the Keypad System. When the Card is recharged, the user becomes eligible for paying and going through the toll gate.

The toll gate is fitted to the Servo Motor where the spindle of the motor rotates in a fixed angle step. When the user swipes the card the reader sends the signal to the controller and the controller checks for a valid user. If the card is valid then the controller sends a signal to the Servo motor to rotate in an anticlockwise direction so the gate opens. Some delay function is added so that the gate remains open until the vehicle moves after some time delay the controller passes the signal to rotate the Servo motor in a clockwise direction to close the gate.

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Circuit Diagram & Connection

The circuit for RFID Based Toll Tax Collection System is given below. The circuit is based on the above flowchart with the use of necessary electronic components.

The RFID RC522 is an SPI Module. Therefore Connect the RFID SPI Pin to Arduino as follows.

RC522 Pins	Arduino Pins
SDA	10
SCK	13
MOSI	11
MISO	12
GND	GND
RST	8
3.3V	3.3V

The 16×2 LCD Display is an I2C Module. Therefore Connect the I2C LCD Pin to Arduino as follows.

LCD Pins	Arduino
VCC	5V
GND	GND
SDA	A4
SCL	A5

The 4×4 Keypad Matrix has a total of 8 Pins. Hence it requires 8 digital Pin of Arduino for connection. In order to minimize the pin from 8 to 1, we will utilize a single analog pin. Using an array of resistors a voltage divider network can be formed so that whenever a button is pressed a different analog voltage is taken as an input.

We have a Servo Motor MG995 which is controlled using PWM Digital Pin 9 of Arduino.

Similarly we used a Pair of Infrared Proximity Switch – E18-D80NK to detect motion of a moving car travelling across the gate.

Connect the VCC & GND of both the IR Proximity Sensor to the 5V & GND of Arduino. Similarly, connect their output pin A2 & A3 of the Arduino Board.

The Mechanical Arrangement if the project looks something like shown in the image above. Thus the hardware setup for the Automated Toll Collection System using RFID & Arduino is ready for testing.

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Project PCB Gerber File & PCB Ordering Online

If you don’t want to assemble the circuit on a breadboard and you want PCB for the project, then here is the PCB for you. I used EasyEDA to design the Schematic & PCB. The Schematic & PCB Board for RFID Toll Collection System using Arduino looks something like the below.

The Gerber File for the PCB is given below. You can simply download the Gerber File and order the PCB from ALLPCB at 1$ only.

Download Gerber File: RFID Arduino Toll Tax Collection

You can use this Gerber file to order high quality PCB for this project. To do that visit the ALLPCB official website by clicking here: https://www.allpcb.com/.

You can now upload the Gerber File by choosing the Quote Now option. From these options, you can choose the Material Type, Dimensions, Quantity, Thickness, Solder Mask Color and other required parameters.

After filling all details, select your country and shipping method. Finally you can place the order.

You can assemble the components on the PCB Board.

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Source Code/Program

The complete code for the Automated Toll Collection System using RFID & Arduino is given below. The code requires some libraries. Download the zip library from the following link below and add to to the Arduino IDE using the Library manager.
1. RC522 Library: https://github.com/miguelbalboa/rfid
2. One Wire Keypad Library: https://github.com/ProgettoCompany/One_Pin_Keypad_Arduino_Library
3. Liquid Crystal I2C Library: https://github.com/fdebrabander/Arduino-LiquidCrystal-I2C-library

In the following code, make changes to the balance, that you want to assign for the RFID Cards.

Make changes to the RFID Tag number as every RFID Card has its own tag number. Change all the lines with the RFID tag number that looks like this.

Copy the following code and upload it to the Arduino Board.

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Demo of Automated Toll Collection System using RFID & Arduino

After uploading the code to the Arduino Board, you can start testing the project. Initially, it will display the Welcome Message.

Now when the Vehicle crosses the first IR Sensor, it will display a Vehicle Detected message. Then the system will ask you to scan the RFID Card so that you can go ahead.

Now you can scan the RFID Card for your Vehicle. The system will deduct 500 from the balance on your RFID Card. The LCD will display Bill Successfully paid message.

The amount of balance remaining in your RFID Card will be shown by the LCD Display at the same time.

Now your bill is paid. So, you can go ahead now. The the LCD will display a Safe journey Message and this is how the Automated Toll Collection System using RFID & Arduino works.

You can repeat the same process again with another RFID. Consider the RFID has only a 200 balance and the amount that is need to be paid is 500. In this case, if you scan the card, the LCD Display will show Insufficient Balance.

Therefore you need to recharge the RFID Card and load some balance. To do that press the ‘A’ Button on Keypad. The System will now go into recharging mode.

Now you can enter the amount you need to load into your RFID Card. For example, after entering 2000 from the Keypad, you can press ‘D’ to confirm. Now your card will have a 2000 balance added to the previous balance.

Thus this is how the entire system works and you can use this system to repeat the process again and again.

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Video Tutorial & Guide